Synthesis of 2,3-dihydroperimidines in the Presence of Nano-γ-Al2O3/BFn and Nano-γ-Al2O3/BFn/Fe3O4 as Catalysts under Different Conditions

Lewis acid heterogeneous nano catalysts entitled nano-γ-Al2O3/BFn  and nano-γ-Al2O3/BFn/Fe3O4 were prepared and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), X ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) techniques. These highly effective heterogeneous catalysts have been used for the synthesis of substituted perimidines via reaction of naphthalene-1,8-diamine with various aromatic aldehydes under different condition such as  grinding, reflux, microwave and ultrasound irradiation. The obtained dihydroperimidines were characterized by spectroscopic and physical methods such as FT-IR, 1H NMR and melting point. Short reaction times, high conversions, clean reaction profiles, simple work-up, availability and low cost of catalysts and absence of any hazardous organic solvents are some advantages of these protocols. Also, this heterogeneous acidic magnetic nano catalyst could be successfully reused at least for five runs without significant loss in its activity.