Civil liability of the government in compensating due to systemic errors of land registration in law of Iran and England

Land Registration as a system of consolidation of land ownership is always subject to errors that, if they lead to incorrect registration in the real estate registry, constitute Systemic Errors and can harm third parties. In England Land Registration act 2002 and its subsequent amendments, a special legal regime has been recognized to compensate for systematic errors; However, in Iranian law, even the liability itself is questionable. Based on this, the question arises as to what is the basis of the government's responsibility to compensate for the damages caused by systemic errors in land registration? And what is the legal regime governing this civil liability in the land registration system of England and Iran? This study with a descriptive-analytical approach has concluded that government responsibility in this area is based on the theory of guarantee in Tort Law. Also, in English law, the principle is to prevent the invalidity of the registered ownership, even if it is wrong and the injured parties of the mistake have the right to claim land price. While a review of Iranian law shows that the registered owner is not well supported in practice and the injured party of a systemic error can sue him directly.