Iran's foreign policy towards the Taliban

Government was in Afghanistan in two periods the Islamic Emirate. The first government from1996 to 2001 and the second, from 2021 . This government, made the relations between the two countries by adopting a hostile approach and killing Iranian diplomats and journalists. The Iranian government took advantage of the diplomatic tool to resolve the crisis a pragmatic approach and taking into account the objective and field realities of the Afghan political arena. In 2021, with the withdrawal of the United States from Afghanistan, the Taliban regained control of Afghanistan. The Taliban's second government is conservative and pragmatic in nature. The question that the author seeks to answer in this article is: What approach has Iran taken to foreign policy from 1996 to 2021? The hypothesis of this article, which is codified by analytical-explanatory methodology and using online articles and Iranian foreign policy documents is: Iran tried to organize a foreign policy based on political rationalism, diplomacy and mediation between different Afghan groups, maintaining and increasing influence creating security and forming a coalition government with a pragmatic approach based on realities in the field and politics. The findings of this study indicate that Iran's effective foreign policy in Afghanistan depends on formulating a pragmatic foreign policy with features such as avoiding useless confrontation, prioritizing objective interests over subjective interests, and tactical flexibility in the foreign policy process.