Fluid Replacement Therapy in Different Medical Conditions in Children

Vascular access and Intravenous Fluid (IVF) administration are essential issues in children who are admitted to the emergency wards. Despite the common use of maintenance IVF, there are a lot of variations in fluid administration methods and no definite guidelines for IVF and electrolyte monitoring. Because hypotonic fluids cause hyponatremia in many children, isotonic fluids are indicated, according to recent studies, as an accepted method in pediatric IVF therapy to prevent hyponatremia. This narrative review aims to provide an evidence-based approach for selecting the most appropriate IVFs in patients aged 1 day to 18 years. Data showed that the basis of fluid therapy in children varies according to the type of disease and the underlying conditions of children. Depending on each case, the clinicians should decide on what and how fluid and electrolytes be used.