The Allegory of Winter in the Poetry of Nimā Yushij and Muhammad al-Maghout based on the Ecological Critique (Case Study: The Poem of Cold Winter Night and the Poem of War of Nerves)

The aim of this study is to compare the function of winter in the poems of two Iranian and Syrian poets, "Nima Yoshij" and "Mohammad AlMaghout" and is based on ecological critique. Ecological critique is a critique that considers the effect of physical position on the formation of the form and content of a work. Also, the relationship and interaction of three natural, artificial and social environments are examined in the form of this critique. Winter as a natural phenomenon has always been considered by poets and they have used it in their works as a symbol, or even as a natural phenomenon. The research method is descriptiveanalytical, based on the American school of comparative literature, which deals with the relationship between the poet's goals and the natural environment. The result of the research shows that winter in Nima's poetry is an instigator of insensitivity and tyranny in the society and is also a symbol for social unrest. But in Maghut's poetry, winter has an independent identity. Both poets care about their environment, and nature is a refuge for both of them to find safety from the harms that man himself causes.