Comparison of the Mehr housing effluent, agricultural effluent and municipal waste landfill on heavy metal concentrations and their anthropogenic origin in Kiaklayeh wetland sediments

Kiaklayeh wetland is being destroyed due to the actions of the municipality and the negligence of the natural resources department. The growth and development of urban and industrial activities has led to the release of heavy metals into aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, in the present study, the concentrations of iron, aluminum, zinc, nickel, vanadium, manganese, barium and lead in the sediment of three areas of Kiaklayeh wetland that are affected by Mehr housing effluent, agricultural effluent and municipal waste landfill were investigated. Also, the enrichment coefficient (EF) and land accumulation index (Igeo) were studied among the three regions. The results showed that the accumulation of aluminum, manganese and nickel in sediments receiving agricultural and housing effluents is more than an area of the wetland that is affected by the municipal landfill, but the concentration of lead in sediments near the landfill is more than two areas in another parts of the wetland. An Enrichment ratio higher than 1 was obtained for zinc and lead in the area affected by the landfill, for aluminum in the area affected by agricultural effluent and for vanadium in the area contaminated with Mehr housing effluent.