Effects of two Fluoride Mouthwashes on Surface Topography and Frictional Resistance of Orthodontic Wires
We compared the effects of fluoride mouthwashes on surface topography of orthodontic wires, and static and kinetic frictional forces between stainless-steel (SS) orthodontic brackets and SS and nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires.
This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 240 standard SS maxillary central incisor brackets and 0.018-, and 0.025×0.019-inch NiTi and SS archwires. Different combinations of wire diameters and wire types were exposed to artificial saliva (control), 0.05% sodium-fluoride (NaF) for 1 minute daily, or 0.2% NaF for 1 minute weekly (37°C) for 3 months. The wires were pulled in the bracket slots by 5mm in a universal testing machine (10mm/minute). The static and kinetic forces were measured. The surface topography of the wires was inspected under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Three-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used for statistical analysis (P<0.05).
The mean static and kinetic frictional forces of 0.025×0.019- inch NiTi wired in the 0.05%NaF group were significantly greater than the SS wire. The mean kinetic frictional force in the 0.05%NaF group was significantly greater than the 0.2%NaF and artificial saliva groups for all wires. The mean static and kinetic forces in 0.2%NaF were significantly greater than in artificial saliva. In all groups, larger wires showed higher mean frictional forces. SEM results revealed higher wire surface roughness in the 0.05%NaF group followed by the 0.2%NaF group.
Weekly use of 0.2%NaF mouthwash is recommended during sliding mechanics to minimize frictional forces between SS and NiTi wires and SS brackets.
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