Investigating the social role of Hisbah Institution in Safavid Bahrain

Bahrain,asaland with aspecial geographicaland historical position and conditions, has played a decisiverolein the history and social life of thecoastal residents of thesouthern shores of the Persian Gulf beforethe 14th (AH)/19th (AD) century. It is important to study each one in understanding the historical identity of this fertile land. Hisbah is one of the most important institutions in thesocial life of the people of Bahrain. which during theIslamic period has played a decisiverolein maintaining theidentity and heritage of the people of this land and maintaining their social cohesion. It is very important to study the nature of this institution and its position in different historical circumstances, considering the presence and role of scholars in Bahrain. The study of this institution shows that Bahrain, based on historicalconditionsand needsin thefield ofeconomy, livelihood and social life, paysattention to the basic principle of connecting scholars with the masses of society in order to protect society’s interests against tyrannical governments. They have used it to create order,security and socialcohesion. Thisresearch with a historicalapproach and descriptive-analytical method and using library sources seeks to answer the basic question that according to the rule of Shi’ism in the Safavid era, what was the social role of the Hisbah institution in Bahrain during this period? And what factors have been instrumental in creating these special historical conditions in the role of the Hisbah institution in Bahrain?It isassumed that dueto the deep connection between geographicalconditionsand politicaland social practices, a special pattern based on the institution of Hisbah has prevailed in Bahrain, and during some periods of historical history has been able to play a decisive role in the flourishing of the social life of Bahraini society