Rhetorical analysis of Surah Qalam based on Michel Foucault's model of discourse stylistics

Discourse analysis is one of the important discussions of linguistics in the field of accurate understanding and interpretation of texts and the purposeful communication process between sender and receiver and it is one of the new sciences of the West created directly by adopting the thought of Michel Foucault, the founder of discourse stylistics. The structure of the text, the number of types of speech acts, the grammatical style of the sentences, the situational and social context are some of the topics discussed in the discourse model of Michael Foucault. This research seeks to prove that most of the propositions of discouse analysis with Western origin also exist in Arabic rhetoric. In this research, it has been tried to examine all the verses of Surah Qalam with the topics of the semantics of rhetoric and the model of discourse analysis. The findings show that each topic of the science is consistent and compatible with the topics of Foucault's discourse analysis, and all the verbal actions in the verses are used according to the necessity of the present, which is the main condition of rhetoric. It is also possible to understand the environmental influencing factors in the revelation of this surah and its impact on verbal actions, grammatical and semantic continuity affected by style and context which leads to correct understanding of the verses