Study on physical and morphological properties of almond shell powder / Nano clay / polypropylene

In this research, the effect of nanoclay particles on physical and morphological properties of composites made of almond shell powder/polypropylene was studied. Each of experimental variables was applied in three different concentrations (30%, 35%, and 40% for Almond shell and 0%, 2.5% and 5% for nanoclay). Besides, 2% of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene was added to all compositions. Afterwards, the nano-composite was manufactured by an injection molding machine. The physical properties including water absorption and thickness swelling of 2-h, 24-h, and 2-h water boiling were measured. Hardness test and scanning electron microscope (SEM) was also performed to investigate fracture surfaces. With regard to the results of physical tests, increase in almond shell increases water absorption and thickness swelling, while the water absorption decrease by increasing nanoclay amount. In all experimental treatments, hardness and density of composites was upper than pure plastic.