Judicial supervision on confirmation of charges process; Iranian and ICC procedure models.

Two models of pre trial investigation with and without judicial supervision are used in ICC and Iran criminal procedure. Judicial supervision means the existence of an independent judicial authority at the preliminary investigation stage that does not interfere with the gathering of evidence, and usually hears the prosecutor at three stages of privacy entry, breaches of liberty and committal the case to trial after investigation. Pretrial chamber in ICC is responsible for hearing the prosecutor's request to announce the end of the pretrial investigation and send the case to the next stage; While in the Iranian procedure, decision of investigation judge and approval by prosecutor is sufficient and no other stage is considered before the start of the trial. The presence of a supervising judge on privacy and liberty is in line with fair trial standards, and the intervention of this authority in announcing the end of the investigation will prolong the trial. As a result, the Iranian procedure is better than the International Criminal Court procedure in this area, and of course it faces this challenge that instead of reasonable suspicion criterion , it uses the criterion of proving beyond any reasonable doubt at the end of this stage.