Oncolytic Viruses in Bladder Cancer: Old Idea to Modern Approach

Some viruses can infect and kill cancer cells. These viruses are known as oncolytic viruses (Virotherapy). The idea of killing cancer cells by oncolytic viruses mainly back to the old idea in the 19th (nineteenth) century. Scientists observed cancer cure in some patients who contracted measles or common reovirus. Nowadays, genetically engineered oncolytic viruses are considered a new and modern way to treat bladder cancer (BC) like CAVATAK (Coxsackievirus A21, CVA21) and human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor transgene (VSVd51-hGM-CSF). Oncolytic viruses have been considered tools for straight-killing tumor cells. New research suggests that some oncolytic viruses can trigger an immune response in the body against cancer