Effect of a Mixture of Native Iranian Probiotics on Biochemical Factors and Kidney Tissue of Male Rats Exposed to Cadmium Chloride

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant and chemical agent that destroys cell structure in various tissues. Probiotics are normal flora bacteria that if consumed adequately, will have health benefits in addition to nutritional benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a mixture of native Iranian probiotics on biochemical factors and kidney tissue of male rats exposed to cadmium chloride.

In this experimental study, 21 male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 7: control, cadmium chloride recipient (3mg/kg) and cadmium chloride recipient (3mg /kg) + mixture of probiotics (CFU/mL109) were divided. Single-dose cadmium chloride was given to rats by intraperitoneal injection and probiotics by gavage for 30 days. At the end of the test, blood samples were taken directly from the heart to study serum creatinine and urea concentrations by autoanalyzer method and kidney tissue was used for microscopic studies of E&H staining. The data were evaluated using SPSS software version 16 and one-way ANOVA and Tukey test.

The results of Cadmium chloride significantly increased serum creatinine and urea concentrations compared to the control group (P<0.05) while in the group receiving probiotic mixture compared to the cadmium chloride group showed a significant decrease. Damage to kidney tissue was also shown compared to the control group. On the other hand, the structure of kidney tissue in the group treated with a mixture of probiotics compared to the group of cadmium chloride showed improvement.

It is possible to use as a candidate a mixture of native Iranian probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus holoticus) against cadmium chloride damage to the tissues of male rats.