Determine the role of Physical Factors in the Acoustical Sustainability of Tabriz Bazaar

Sonic comfort and auditory desirability in architectural and urban spaces are largely dependent on the amount of reverberation created in the space. Reverberation Time (RT) is a physical component that is measured to assess echoes. Reverberation time, which indicates the acoustic behavior of space, depends on its physical factors, which include the form, volume and materials of space. If the acoustic behavior of the space is such that it creates an optimal reverberation time without the need for acoustic interventions, it can be acknowledged that the space is acoustically self-sufficient and sustainable. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the acoustical sustainability of Tabriz Bazaar spaces by analyzing their acoustical behavior to determine which categories of physical components are effective in the amount of space reverberation and how this effect is. In this regard, in different situations of various spatial species from Tabriz Bazaar, reverberation time is measured and in each situation, environmental factors affecting the acoustical behavior have been identified. Through the comparison of reverberation time values in different conditions and its adaptations with pre-proven scientific facts, environmental factors affecting the acoustic behavior of Bazaar spaces and how they affect have been clarified. The findings indicate that the domes and semi-domes used in the body of the Bazaar as cavities by retaining sound waves reduce its Reverberation Time. Also, fractions in the shells and delicate fractures of materials, bricks with gypsum bonding, reduce the echo of the space by scattering sound; unlike glass extensions, which reflect sound waves, causing a sharp increase in Reverberation Time. In fact, the original part of the body of Tabriz Bazaar, cavities and fractures, by reducing the Reverberation Time, causes the suitable acoustical behavior and creates the appropriate heard sound quality. The form is designed in such a way that the clarity component is fixed, and therefore, with increasing sound intensity, sound attenuation occurs faster and prevents the creation of noise and increase the sound intensity. Therefore, it can be acknowledged that Tabriz Bazaar is acoustically sustainable and its body pattern can be used in the design of new spaces.