Comparison of the Effectiveness of Web-Based Motivational Interviewing and Web-Based Diabetes Self-Management Education in Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic and debilitating disease and one of the most important public health problems, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, which increases the risk of developing and exacerbating the symptoms of diabetes.

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness between web-based motivational interviewing and web-based diabetes self-management education on glycemic control in diabetic patients type 2.

The present study was quasi-experimental research with pretest, posttest and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all patients with type 2 diabetes who were referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital and municipality health centers in Tehran in 2021. A total of 45 people who met the inclusion criteria were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to three experimental and control groups. Data were collected by glycosylated hemoglobin test (A1c) (HbA1c). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and SPSS-26 software.

The results showed that the difference between the mean of self-management training compared to the control group (P=0.012) shows that self-management education is more effective in reducing three-month HbA1c in diabetic patients. The results also show that the effectiveness of motivational interviewing and self-management in reducing fasting blood sugar are not significantly different and therefore the difference in their effectiveness is almost the same and is not significant.

The effectiveness of web-based motivational interviewing interventions and diabetes self-management education on controlling blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin can be used as web-based and online psychological interventions to help manage the disease.