Attitudes, Challenges, and Practices of Elementary School Teachers in Monolingual and Arab Zones (Case Study of Tehran and Khuzestan Province in 1399- 1400)

The purpose of present study is to investigate and compare elementary school teachers' awareness of national curriculum in Tehran and Khuzestan and to investigate their opinions about national curriculum content, the effects of Persian instructional resources in Arab zones on education, and elementary school teachers' issues and challenges respect to it and their classroom practices. Data are gathered by researcher-made and research-derived questionnaires. The sample included 160 teachers from first grade of elementary school in Tehran and Khuzestan. Comparison of the mean scores of the questions about the curriculum information in teachers in Tehran and Khuzestan showed that although teachers in Tehran and Khuzestan do not have enough information and knowledge about the national curriculum document and its content, but comparing the two groups shows that teachers in Tehran are more familiar with the national curriculum document and its content than teachers in Khuzestan province. The results of comparing teachers' opinions on the content of the National Curriculum Document were also presented in detail. Khuzestan primary school teachers assessed the effect of Persian language content on education as unfavorable and inefficient. They considered the Persian language skill level of teachers and students to be insufficient for knowledge transfer and teaching. They found the effect of Persian language on education and problems in Khuzestan teachers above average. Moreover, according to teachers of Khuzestan, Persian language book are not only effective, but they also increase instructional problems and they do various practices in class in order to solve these problems.