The Relationship Between Social Justice Approaches and Political Equality Components

Social and political justices are the central themes in people participation to macro and mi¬cro policies in every society. According to political philosophers, two basic factors, which involved in people’s judgments about political equality are distributive and procedural jus¬tice. Current approaches to distributive social justice in many of the societies investigated by sociologists and psychologists and furthermore on the basis of these researches recognized that without attention to people’s perceptions toward social justice, serious social and politi¬cal problems arise. According to Coleman (1990) major elements of political justice are the devices and elements equality in political decisions. Additionally, within this framework, these elements involve four subjects: distributive equal¬ity, opportunities equality. In this research, the relationship between social justice approaches and political justice components has been investigated. Statistical population of this research were the total of sixteen - year - old persons and more who were inhabitant in Esfahan city. From statistical population, four hundred people (two hundred males and two hundred females), randomly selected responding to two questionnaire, that is Rasinsky social justice questionnaire and Yousephy’s political equality questionnaire. It should be mentioned that four hundred members of sample group selected to be comparable this results with Youse¬phy’s research. The data analyzed with the use of Pearson correlation coefficients. Results showed that there is a significant reverse (negative) relationship between economic individu¬alism and equity in social justice with opportunity and participative equality. Also there is a significant direct (positive) relationship between equality in social justice and distributive, legal and participative equality in political justice. There is a significant direct (positive) relationship between need in social justice and distribu¬tive and participative equality in political justice, whereas between need and legal equality there is a significant reverse (negative) relationship. Canonical correlation analysis showed that four approaches in social justice were able to predict political equality from total social justice indirectly.