Recognition and qualitative analysis of higher education challenges in Iran

The higher education system plays an essential role in realizing the strategic goals and sustainable, all-round development and growth and excellence of the country, and in order to realize these goals and advance them, it faces various structural and biological challenges and obstacles. Therefore, it is necessary to understand and analyze these challenges in a fundamental way, this study aims to identify and analyze the dimensions and components of the challenges of higher education according to its development goal and based on the qualitative approach and instrumental case method. It has been done, the statistical population of the research included the scientific elites and presidents of the country's universities. The sample was selected purposefully and at the point of theoretical saturation with the number of fifteen people. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview and the analysis method of the interviews was thematic analysis. The findings of the research showed that the challenges of higher education from the experts' point of view are five main cultural, fundamental-structural, and managerial factors. And it is organizational, qualitative and global. Also, these challenges are from twenty-four sub-components, independence, perspective, communication, financing, scientific research, policy and scientific development, socialization, university culture, motivation, attracting professors, science production, programs Curriculum, knowledge-based economy, effectiveness, human capital, quality assessment, quality of education performance, employment of graduates, competition and immigration of elites have been formed. The roots of the challenges and the formulation of solutions to overcome