Effect of Sodium Nitroprusside and Some Plant Growth Regulators on Shoot Regeneration and Plantlet Development in Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.

Improving plant regeneration skills in tissue culture studies is critical not only for the efficient genetic transformation of commercial crops but also for scientific reports. SNP (Sodium nitroprusside) as a Nitric oxide (NO) donor, plays an important role in the growth and development of plants. In this study, regeneration and plantlet development of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. was improved using optimized concentrations of plant growth regulators supplemented with sodium nitroprusside. According to the results, among 12 different combinations of plant growth regulators, the MS medium complemented with 2 mg L-1 BAP and 0.2 mg L-1 IAA had a maximum percentage of regeneration (84%). The highest stem length (4.6 cm) and leave number (7) were achieved on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 BAP and 0.2 mg L-1 IAA. Adding of 10 μM sodium nitroprusside to the regeneration medium improved shoot regeneration efficiency (93%) and the number of shoots per explants (7.75). Furthermore, the maximum shoot growth mean, including stem length (11.8) and leaf number (11.2) were achieved on MS medium containing BAP (0.5 mg L-1), IAA (0.2 mg L-1), and 10 μM sodium nitroprusside. It was found that fewer adventitious roots and higher lateral roots were significantly developed in the medium containing IAA and SNP. Our findings indicated that adding SNP to the regeneration medium of L. esculentum Mill. improved shoot regeneration and plant development. This may overcome the problems in proliferation of the tomato plant.