Analysis of the obstacles to the realization of urban resilience in border cities The Case study Zabul city

The expansion of the population of the cities and the increase of urban needs, on the other hand, the damage and natural and human threats to the cities, especially in the border areas, are threatened. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to urban resilience to increase the capacity and power of urban settlements against risks. Resilience is the degree of resistance of systems, their ability to tolerate change and disruption and the continuity of existing relationships between people and variables. Therefore, resilience is proposed with the approach of strengthening communities and reducing the vulnerability of cities, especially in border areas in terms of sensitive situations. The research aims to analyze the obstacles to the realization of urban resilience in the city of Zabul. This research is "descriptive-analytical" in nature and "applied" in terms of purpose. The method of collecting information was a document and a survey (questionnaire). The statistical population of the research is the residents of Zabol city and the sample size is 384 households based on Cochran's formula. The analysis was done using the factor analysis method and IDAS technique. The results show that the most important obstacles to the realization of resilience in the city of Zabul are environmental factors, poverty and unemployment, which cover 50% of the total variance. The reasons for this are severe droughts in recent years, low rainfall, lack of water resources and vegetation, high migration from rural to the city, decrease in production activities and increase in informal jobs and unemployment. The ranking of the districts of Zabul with the Idas model shows that District 1 is in a poor condition and District 2 is in a good condition in terms of resilience, the reasons for which can be attributed to the economic and social conditions of the resident's population, being immigrants, the quality of housing and the urban infrastructure of this area Cited