Diagnosis of Metabolomic Profiles and Early Detection of Diseases Based on Metabolomics: A Narrative Review

Metabolomics is a science for identifying small molecules in biological tissues and fluids. These metabolites are the final product of chemical reactions in the biological system. Metabolomics together with chemistry tools such as nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry can play a key role in identifying metabolic profiles. Metabolic profiles include small molecules, and their amount may change in different diseases. Identifying changes in the quantity of these small molecules with a metabolomics approach can help in early diagnosis of diseases and treatment of people. Therefore, accurate understanding of molecular changes related to the disease is necessary to identify new pathways for treatment and diagnosis using new methods. The purpose of this review study is to introduce the science of metabolomics as a new technique and its application in the field of early diagnosis and treatment of diseases.