The Analysis of Meta-Function in Resalat Al-Ghufran by Abu al-ʿAlaʾ Al-Ma'arri, The Official Model of Michael Hallidayn

Today, various theories of linguistics with widely used procedures have a significant impact on the field of literary texts analysis. One of these theories is the social view of language based on the systemic functional linguistics proposed by the famous Michael Halliday (1994). The meta-function - from different types of language systems - is related to the type of attitude and insight of the messengers/literati in inducing the message to the messenger. " Resalat Al-Ghufran " by Abu al-'Ala al-Ma'arri is a mental text from Ibn Qareh's. Since the subject and the framework of this text are based on the design of concepts that express the system of Ma'arri function about supernatural issues, therefore, in the present study, based on the analytical method, the type of insight and experience of Abu al-'Ala and his writing experience in inducing a message to the reader are examined. The results show that the most frequent function process includes mental (30%), verbal (26%), and material (26%)processes, respectively. Accordingly, the type of supernatural travel and dealing with creatures, places and surreal events expresses al-Ma'arri’s extraordinary mentality and power of imagination. Moreover, the theological process indicates the complete attention and knowledge of Abu al-'Ala to the Holy Quran, hadiths, historical events, ancient poems, and literary texts, and the material process also indicates the role of dynamism of the text of " Resalat Al-Ghufran ".