Identification and Ranking of Factors Affecting the Transparency of Health Insurance Financial Reports

Currently, insurances and their coverage is an important issue for people in society, during which health can progress or decline and help to improve social and economic security and reduce people's concern in accessing health services. Treatment, prevention of poverty due to disease, creation of a healthy and dynamic society and economic growth, etc., ultimately leading to the strengthening of national security. Disclosure of financial information of insurance companies is necessary because if insurance companies do not plan and implement strategies properly and do not review them according to environmental changes, it will lead to bankruptcy. In the area of financial disclosure of insurance companies, leaders must keep their team informed and share information freely, the most important role of a leader in such a system is to set a clear direction, be clear about how to get there and stay on track. The regulation "Reporting and Disclosure of Transparent Financial Information in Insurance Institutions" approved by the Supreme Council of Insurance, is currently the only document requiring the disclosure of information by insurance companies, the entirety of which alone does not meet the needs of this industry. In addition, despite the short time for the approval and implementation of corporate governance in Iran's insurance industry and the lack of full implementation of these regulations, the Central Insurance of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Securities and Exchange Organization and the resistance of commercial insurance companies, which can be a reason for weakness, Whether it is the inadequacy of the notified instructions and the lack of a mature, comprehensive and appropriate model or the lack of executive guarantee for its implementation, we are witnessing the weakness of financial reporting in Iran's insurance industry. One of the performance evaluation indicators of the insurance industry is the insurance penetration rate (dividing the production insurance premium over the GDP), which indicates the effect of the insurance industry on the GDP. This index does not have a good coefficient compared to the region and the world. Therefore, by effectively monitoring and guiding insurance companies through the "reporting transparency model", protecting the rights, assets and capital of shareholders and beneficiaries remains immune from managerial greed. At present, a large part of the structural problems of Iran's joint stock companies can be attributed to such things as the inefficiency of the companies' performance, not respecting the rights of the beneficiaries, the lack of accountability of the board of directors, and the lack of constant monitoring of the companies' performance. Since the health insurance system is the most important tool in providing, maintaining and promoting health, the lack of transparency of the financial information of the health insurance system will cause concern and anxiety in the society and weaken the national security, hence the purpose of this research. The design of the financial reporting transparency model is in the field of health insurance. Transparency is essential as a tool for the growth and development of society, therefore, the correct discovery and identification of factors affecting the transparency of financial reporting from the perspective of different groups can turn financial reports into an important source of reliable information for users. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of identifying and ranking the factors affecting the transparency of financial reporting in order to introduce the factors affecting the transparency of health insurance financial reporting.

The statistical population consisted of 11 professors familiar with the subject of health insurance and accounting with at least ten years of experience, who were selected purposefully and using the snowball method. Also, in order to collect data, a questionnaire based on the DANP method was used. By reviewing the literature on the transparency of financial reporting and by reviewing the research literature and applying the opinion of expert using the fuzzy Delphi technique in the screening of factors, 54 factors affecting the transparency of financial reporting were identified and identified in 12 groups.

The findings showed that the factors affecting the transparency of financial reporting were categorized into 12 groups, which include the establishment of internal control system, meritocracy in the hiring of managers, evaluation of the quality of financial reporting, intra-unit political communication, intra-unit economic communication, transparency of financial reporting. , economic development in health insurance, establishment of accounting standards, establishment of accounting rules and requirements, need for transparency of financial reporting, control over financial and operational policies of the company, pressure and competition of the capital market were categorized. The research results showed that the clarification of financial reporting procedures with a weight of 0.0345, the revaluation method in identifying assets with a weight of 0.0311, the existence of rent and political connections of individuals with a weight of 0.0309, and the application of the rules established in the company with a weight of 0.0308 were ranked first to fourth.

Therefore, considering the importance of financial reporting transparency in insurance, it is recommended to the insurance organization to consider rewards and benefits for companies with high financial reporting transparency and punishments for companies with low financial reporting transparency, so that companies can improve their position from in terms of financial reporting transparency and appropriate information, they are taking steps. In this way, health insurance can benefit from the quality consequences of proper disclosure (such as optimal allocation of resources in the economy and information efficiency).