The Technology of Making Roman Head-Flasks by Studying on Preserved samples in the Glassware and Ceramic Museum of Iran

Roman glass art in the first centuries AD is very valuable and can be studied in terms of manufacturing and decoration techniques and technologies related to glass art. Flasks in the shape of human head are part of the Roman glass collection with mold-blown technique in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, which six examples of these works are kept in the glassware and ceramic Museum in Tehran. This article, with the aim of identifying and studying the methods of making Roman head-flasks in glassware and ceramic Museum of Iran, tries to answer this question that what kind of technology was used in making Roman head-flasks? Therefore, this research in terms of purpose is applied research in terms of the assence and method is descriptive-analytical research. The method of collecting its data was library type and recording the observations and experiences of the Authors. In the results of this research, it was found that the art of Roman glass in the first century AD was influenced by the familiarity of the Romans with the methods of sculpting, molding and benefiting from them in making and decorating glass works. The mold of the Roman head-flasks of Iran’s glassware and ceramic Museum was made using advanced modeling and molding methods, and then it was made by glass blowing. There are three different manufacturing methods based on the main body of these works, in the first method, two-piece molds are used to make the overall form. In the second method, their base was added as an additional part to the work, and in the third method, additional decorative strips were used to make the base and opening of the head-flasks. All the samples in the glassware and ceramic Museum of Iran were made by the first way and in one piece with the benefit of two or three piece molds.