Investigating the phytochemical characteristics of seven salvia species native to Iran

Salvia belongs to the mint family and is one of the medicinal plants that has proven its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-malarial properties for the essential oils and extracts of these plants based on recent research. In the present thesis, the aerial part of seven plant species of Salvia including Salvia sharifii, S. aegyptiaca, S. santolinifolia, S. compressa, S. eremophila, S. macilenta, S. macrosiphon in the spring of 2020, in the stage of full flowering by natural habitat different from Hormozgan province were collected. The study of volatile compounds of these species by GC / MS method led to the identification and determination of compounds such as α –Pinene, Linalool, Limonene, (E)-Caryophyllene, Caryophyllene oxide, Geraniol, Borneol, Menthol and p-Cymene. DPPH method evaluated the antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts of seven species of Salvia. The highest IC50 belonged to S. aegyptiaca and santolinifolia and there was no significant difference with each other and the lowest IC50 belonged to S. macilenta. The highest percentage of free radical scavenging belonged to S. macilenta at a concentration of 1600 μg / ml. HPLC was used to measure the polyphenolic compounds of methanolic extracts of Salvia species. A total of 17 compounds were identified in methanolic extracts, of which only were detected Hesperetin, Rosmarinic acid, Trans-ferulic acid, Eugenol, Hesperedin, Carvacrol, Coumarin, Quercetin and Catechin. The results of this study showed that the amount of total phenol in S. eremophila species was the highest and was significantly different from other species.