An Analysis of the Qur’anic Foundations for the Virtues and Vicesof Social Morals in the the Supplication of Makaram al-Akhlaqin al-Sahifah al-Sajjadiyyah

Moral virtues are praiseworthy qualities that, through their entrenchment in theconscience and subconscious of man, strengthen the relationship betweenthe servant and God Almighty, and lead to perfection and eternal happinessfor man. Moral vices are reprehensible traits that, through their entrenchmentin the conscience and subconscious of people, help them to distance from thedivine path and ultimately lead to punishment in the hereafter. In the twentiethsupplication of the Sahifah al-Sajjadiyyah, known as Dua Makarim al-Akhlaq,Imam Sajjad (A.S.) was exposed to religious teachings and knowledge accordingto the political, social and cultural conditions of his time, directly andindirectly, benefiting from the teachings and lessons of the Holy Qur’an, and hepresented the most important moral and social virtues and vices.This research attempts to achieve this goal represented in the question:What are the Qur'anic documents and evidences for the virtues and vices ofsocial morals that were mentioned in the supplication of Makarim al-Akhlaqin al-Sahifah al-Sajjadiyyah?Using a descriptive-analytical method in this research, it has been clear thatthe Imam Sajjad (A.S.) stated the most important virtues of social morals suchas: good relationship, benevolence and correctness, serving the people, takingresponsibility, following a good example, preserving human dignity, etc. inthe form of supplication and prayer to God. The acquisition of these virtues inthe form of a faculty makes a person avoid moral vices such as: fault-finding,arrogance, pride, greed, envy, extravagance, suspicion, scheming, etc., andthrough communication with other people helps him to stay away from socialharms and finally, by creating a peaceful and pure environment and society,it brings ultimate happiness to him and to others.