Monitoring soil salinity changes due to Urmieh underground saline water in the industrial and agricultural area of west Tabriz using spectral indices

In Iran, due to the fact that a large part of the country is located in arid and semi-arid areas, the problem of salinity has become a big problem in agriculture. In Iran, about 14.7% of the total area of the country is made up of saline lands, and nearly 50% of the agricultural lands are faced with the problem of salinity or alkalinity and waterlogging to varying degrees (Hussaini, 2015). In the Azerbaijan region due to Lake Urmia, and illegal cultivation and extraction of underground water, soil salinity has become a big problem in a large part of the region and it seems that its dimensions will increase in the future. In this article, the most research focus is on the problem of salinity. The soil is within a radius of a few kilometers from Lake Urmia and near Tabriz. Preliminary observations and studies show that the problem of water salinity and then soil salinity has increased in the study area to such an extent that it has caused farmers to complain and abandon agriculture. and in terms of the dangerous dimensions of the problem, it has drawn the attention of researchers to the problem of soil salinity. The main reason for focusing on this area is excessive soil salinity within a 50-kilometer radius of Urmia Lake.