Investigating the factors of progress and hindrances of the slow conquests of Muslim Arabs across the Nile during the Umayyad caliphate

However, during the Caliphate of Osman, with the conquest of Khorasan and the death of Yazdgerd III, the last Sassanid king, preparations were made for the entry of Muslims into Central Asia. F. During the reign of Muawiyah, Muslims were able to achieve considerable progress in that region, but what is certain is that the attacks of Muslim Arabs on Mawra al-Nahr until this time were carried out in a hostile manner and for the purpose of looting resources, but according to reliable reports, they had definite control over Mawra al-Nahr until The second half of the Umayyad era was delayed, since Abdul Malik Marwan took power. With the arrival of one of the Umayyad generals named Qutiba, a new chapter in attacks on Central Asia began. Qutiba bin Muslim Bahli was able to capture many parts of Trans-Nahr during ten years. Without a doubt, it can be said that from the beginning of the arrival of Muslims in this land, a series of factors directly affected the progress of the conquests, and in front of a group of obstacles Also, in this process, the process of conquests faced problems in some areas and hindered the progress of Muslims. This article aims to answer this basic research that what were the causes of progress and the reasons for the slowness of conquests in Trans-Nahr? Therefore, , look for the factors of progress and obstacles of Islamic conquests.