The Influence of Ibn Sīnā's Philosophy on Classical Mechanics

In this article, we delve into the concept of body and the factors influencing its motion from Ibn Sīnā's perspective, and we explore the impact of these concepts and propositions on classical mechanics. In addition to discussing Ibn Sīnā's opinions, we analyze the evolution of these philosophical topics in Western philosophy (from Descartes and Leibniz to philosophical concepts of Newton) and ultimately provide evidence for the law of inertia, and the laws of conservation of energy and momentum.We also address the philosophical foundations that led to the acceptance of a unified law for describing terrestrial and celestial motions. Through an analytical approach, we demonstrate that the ideas of Ibn Sīnā, transmitted to Europe through the translation of the works of Ibn Rushd, have significantly contributed to the development of classical mechanics. Furthermore, we briefly demonstrate that a portion of Ibn Sīnā's natural philosophy, when combined with appropriate mathematics, can provide a more complete set of some of the fundamental equations in physics.