The effect of a swimming training course on memory and IL-6 level in the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of Mice with Traumatic Brain Injury

Introduction and Brain trauma is one of the most common causes of damage to the central nervous system that can cause death and long-term disabilities. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of a swimming training course on the amount of memory and interleukin-6 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rats with brain trauma. The current research is experimental and developmental. 40 NMRI male mice were randomly divided into 2 equal groups (trained mice and non-trained mice). Mice in the training group underwent swimming training from the age of 28 days to the age of 80 days for 8 weeks (5 days per week). After completing the exercise protocol, each group was divided into 2 equal groups by a simple random method, rats without training (control, trauma) and training rats (swimming training, swimming training trauma). At the end of the eighth week, trauma induction was performed on the right temporal region in the trauma swimming training group and trauma by weight drop method. 14 days after trauma induction, the rats were tested for new object recognition memory. Statistical analysis was done through one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post hoc test at a significance level of P≥ 0.05 and using SPSS-26 software. The results of the research showed that 8 weeks of swimming exercise significantly increases the amount of memory in rats suffering from brain trauma (P=0.001). Also, 8 weeks of swimming exercise causes a significant decrease in the amount of interleukin-6 in the prefrontal cortex of rats with brain trauma (P=0.003), but this decrease was not significant in the hippocampus (P=0.076).Discussion and The results of the present study showed that swimming exercises before brain trauma can reduce inflammation and memory disorders caused by brain trauma through mechanisms such as reducing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6.