Compare Cadmium Accumulation Trend between Cultivated Soil and Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Tissue Affected Different Cropping Pattern and Growth Stage

This research was conducted to evaluate the trend of cadmium accumulation in wheat tissue and cultivated soil affected conventional cropping systems and different growth stage via split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2014-2015 seasonal year. The main factor included two cropping systems (wheat-rice, fallow-wheat) and growth stage at three level (Tillering, flowering and ripening) belonged to subplots. ANOVA results indicated that the effect of different cropping systems and growth stages on soil and crop cadmium concentration traits was significant at 1% probability level, but interaction effect of treatments was not significant, also soil phosphorus content only affect cropping systems at 5% probability level. Compare effect of cropping systems on cadmium accumulation in cultivated soil and wheat tissue have similar trend (Ascending to descending). In other words the rice-wheat cropping system has more amounts of cadmium (1.71 mg.kg-1 in soil and 1.83 mg.kg-1 in wheat tissue) than to fallow-wheat cropping pattern (1.37 mg.kg-1 in soil and 1.32 mg.kg-1 in wheat tissue). Compare cadmium accumulation between soil and wheat crop tissue revealed an opposite trend. Because of leaching and absorb by plants, trend of soil cadmium accumulation from tillering to ripening stage had down trend. But crop cadmium accumulation due to developed biomass and absorb cadmium had risen trend. Finally management fertilizer consumption of cultivated field according result of soil test and use of phosphate fertilizers by attention to the standards of soil and water research institute led to reduced cadmium accumulation in crop tissue.