The Cultural Impact on the Metaphorical Discourse of the Holy Quran: A Focus on the Last Judgment

Conceptual metaphors, as a cognitive process, have the potential to profoundly influence the culture of a society, serving as a reflection of its distinctive traits. According to the theory of "conceptual metaphor," the amalgamation of knowledge and culture gives rise to a unified concept. Therefore, conceptual metaphors not only have cognitive implications but also possess a cultural essence. Consequently, the origins of conceptual metaphors found within the Quran can be traced back to the age of Quranic revelation. This research aims to explore the influence of culture on the metaphors related to the Last Judgment. Specifically, it focuses on examining the legal-judicial system of the revelation era within its cultural context. The study investigates various aspects such as law and legislation, arbitration institutions, and claims processes during that era. Subsequently, the research analyzes how the cultural influence of arbitration manifested in the metaphors associated with the Last Judgment. The findings indicate that the Quran draws upon traditional cultural models to depict metaphors concerning the Last Judgment. It establishes new metaphors by establishing connections with its audience, while simultaneously endorsing and refining traditional models and dismissing inappropriate ones. Through the creation of fresh models, the Quran effectively conveys its fundamental principles to its audience. Thus, the metaphors employed to depict the Last Judgment not only reflected existing cultural models but also generated novel ones.