Safety investigation of the use of bacteriophages in treatment and biological control

Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically target bacteria. Due to their wide abundance in nature and easy isolation from different environments, as well as concern about antibiotic resistance, recently there has been a great interest in using bacteriophages in the treatment of bacterial infections. Also, many studies have been conducted on the application and use of bacteriophages in various industries, including the food industry. However, before using phages, it is necessary to prove that they are safe and harmless, and if necessary, determine the legal requirements for their use. While to date studies of phage therapy have generally been shown to be safe, still, there isn’t a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between phage and the human host.