Assessing the risks of using Building Information Modeling (BIM) in construction projects

Today, building information modeling (BIM) has emerged to increase the productivity of work processes in the construction industry, overcome the current problems and problems of this industry, and also create and produce products according to the real needs of the customer. In addition to the potential benefits of using this technology for all those involved in the construction industry, due to the newness of this technology, there will be barriers and risks to applying BIM instead of current traditional work processes. In this research, using literature review, case studies and experts' opinions, the risks of using BIM in construction projects were first identified. In order to rank the risks of using BIM based on the impact they can have on the project, the fuzzy TOPSIS technique, which is a multi-criteria decision-making method, was used. For this purpose, the fuzzy average of the experts' opinions about the probability of occurrence and the severity of the risks was calculated. Then, by multiplying the probability of occurrence by the intensity of the effect, the number of risks was obtained based on the effect on the main goals of the project, which formed the decision matrix. Finally, using the TOPSIS Fuzzy method, the risks of using BIM were ranked, which are the lack of familiarity of the specialized team with BIM work processes and the lack of necessary hardware infrastructure for the implementation of BIM software in optimal conditions were among the most important risks evaluated.