Establishment of a framework based on sustainable development for key incident-causing factors in urban excavation incidents using Delphi method

Increasing population and high land value have led to an increasing need for taller buildings. In this regard, with the need to excavate deeper to provide more parking spaces, the number of deep excavations is increasing. Observing safety issues in reducing excavation incidents is a matter with a long history. In this article, the factors and risks involved in excavation-related incidents have been identified using the Delphi method. In this method, first in the first round, a group of experienced experts is formed who are fully familiar with the technical issues of excavation and its incidents, and then by identifying the factors and risks in the existing literature, a Delphi method questionnaire is prepared and distributed in the second round. Finally, the main effective risks in excavation incidents, according to the opinions of the team of the experts, have been prioritized in the sustainable development framework and 5 factors have been identified as the key factors.