DNA fingerprinting in ecotypes of three marshmallow species using ISSR molecular marker

Knowledge of genetic diversity is the basis of plant breeding and various aspects such as ‎selection of cross parents, protection of germplasm and prevention of genetic erosion are important. The ‎purpose of this research is to evaluate the genetic diversity and investigate the genetic relationships in ‎the native ecotypes of marigold in Iran in order to be used in breeding projects and to protect the ‎genetic reserves of this plant. ‎‎ ‎

In this research, after extracting DNA from young leaves by CTAB method, ‎the molecular diversity of 18 ecotypes of three species of marshmallow bud was investigated using 10 ‎ISSR primers. ‎‎ ‎

The total number of bands formed by the primers studied in this research varied between 11 ‎and 23 for each primer. The number of polymorphic bands in this research for ‎the primers was at least 7 and at most 21 bands. In this research, the PIC ranged between 0.19 and 0.42 ‎and its average was 0.29. The highest PIC was related to the ISSR2 marker and the lowest PIC was ‎related to the ISSR4 marker. Cluster analysis showed that at the similarity level of 65%, the ecotypes ‎related to each species were in one group and the ecotypes related to different species were placed in ‎separate groups, so that the ecotypes of Qazvin, Taft, Yazd, Sari, Kerman and Shiraz which All of them ‎belonged to the Althaea Rosea species and were placed in one group. In the second group, the ecotypes ‎belonging to the Althaea Ficifolia species, which included Behshahr, Gorgan, Bam, Rafsanjan, ‎Hamadan and Mashhad, were placed.The results of molecular variance analysis showed that 28% of the variation is within the ‎species and 72% of the variation is Among the studied species. The results of analysis to main ‎coordinates also confirmed the results of cluster analysis. ‎‎ ‎

Conclusion:

According to the obtained results, the ISSR marker and the primers investigated in this ‎experiment have the necessary efficiency to distinguish the ecotypes and the species of khatami ‎flowers, and on the other hand, due to the genetic diversity of the ecotypes studied in this experiment, ‎it can be The title of the parents was used in the breeding projects of this plant, and in order to preserve ‎the germplasm and prevent genetic erosion, it is suggested to keep the ecotypes studied in this research ‎in plant gene bank ‎.