Expression of OsWRKY45 and OsAOS2 genes in the signaling pathways of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid in leaf and spike blast disease of rice

Rice (Oryza sativa) is the main part of the food of more than three billion people of the world, which is cultivated in different agricultural areas worldwide. While its yield and quality are severely threatened by pathogenic factors. Rice Blast, which is caused by the fungal pathogen M. oryzae is the most destructive disease in rice. About 10 to 30% of the annual production of rice is lost due to this disease. The defense response applied against most pathogens is mainly to It is controlled by three messenger molecules, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene. One of the effective solutions in producing resistant plants is to modify the genetic pathways of message transmission involved in the defense mechanism, through the manipulation of genes encoding messenger molecules related to proteins. Defense is obtained. For hemi-biotrophic pathogens such as Magnaporthe oryzae rice blast, both salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways are necessary for resistance. In this study, the amount of expression changes of OsWRKY45 and OsAOS2 genes involved in salicylic acid and jasmonic signaling pathways acid using QRT-PCR technique and chlorophyll content in time zero, 36 and 72 hours after infection in leaf blast seedling stage and neck blast clustering, as well as traits related to resistance components including the number of spore spots, infected stem surface and spot size seven days after inoculation with IC-25 isolate of M. oryzae It was examined in the clustering stage. The cultivars under study include the dynamic variety (resistant to blast) which was created using the method of mutation induction in the variety Musitaram (sensitive to blast), which have the same genetic background and different response to the disease. The evaluation of the resistance components showed that the dynamic variety was tolerant and the Musitaram variety was susceptible to the fungus in both seedling and clustering stages. Based on the resistance results after inoculation with M. oryzae isolate IC-25, the dynamic variety had a resistant infection type and the Musitaram variety was sensitive. The results of gene expression after disease induction showed that the dynamic variety had a significant increase in the expression of osAOS2 and osWRKY45 genes compared to Musataram variety. The chlorophyll content decreased with the passage of time after seeding, and the intensity and speed of this decrease was higher in the dynamic variety compared to Musa Tarem.