Investigating the indicators of climatic sustainability in historical schools (Case study: the madrasas in Great Khorasan)

Due to the increase in energy need with urbanization as a result of industrialization and rapid population growth, preservation of natural resources has become impossible. the energy generated particularly from non-renewable natural resources that are in danger of depletion. The authors believe that there were some principles of sustainable architecture in the historical architecture of Iran. Traditional architecture in the Great Khorasan has unique features that have emerged in response to the climate and social, and economic context. the continuous use of these buildings is The reason for survieying madrasas (schools) in Great Khorasan. Thus, in addition to the educational role, these buildings have been the residence of Tolab that called hojrah, which in a way makes it possible to use different spaces. Therefore, an attempt has been made to identify the principles of their sustainability by examining 20 madrasas in Great Khorasan in the Timurid, Safavid, Sheibanid and Qajar era. The research method in this research is a combination of interpretive-historical methods. In the stage of recognizing case examples and theoretical methods, the background is in the stage of compiling a theoretical framework and based on the logical inference, the components of stability in the physical dimensions of madrasas in Greater Khorasan are examined. The information is based on library studies. The results show that madrasas follow a single pattern; The central courtyard and the hojrah around it follow.