Biological and Immunological Aspects of Emerging and Re-emerging Avian Influenza and Ebola Diseases

The countries located in west Asia and other parts of Asia are positioned in important and strategic areas due to specific political and geopolitical conditions. These countries have faced various military and political threats, and it is crucial for them to strengthen their ability to foresee, prevent, and prepare for any biological threats. Meanwhile, with the progress made in science and technology, particularly in the field of biology, new biological threats and wars have surfaced. These threats and wars are self-replicating and can significantly expand the contaminated area, requiring advanced equipment and resources in the community in order to combat them effectively. The field of threat detection, cleanup, and contamination has been identified as an area of concern. Additionally, the hidden use of these factors in peacetime poses a potential danger, as does the possibility of deliberate casualties and damages, along with the incidence of intense fear and panic in the target population. Given the recent outbreak of the avian influenza virus in some countries, there is a concern that avian influenza virus outbreaks could be a precursor to a more widespread and severe biological attack, such as the Ebola virus, which presents with widespread biological and clinical symptoms.