Optimizing the energy and speed of domestic ships with batteries, taking into account the price, dynamics of electricity and complex navigation environment

Decarbonization has been a worldwide trend, especially in the transportation industry. A pure battery electric ship (AES) may be the most flexible way to achieve ship decarbonisation in recent years. Compared to conventional ships, the initial investment cost is high and the energy surplus is low for battery-powered ships. Therefore, an energy management strategy that can minimize the cost of operation and ensure the safety of energy consumption is very important. In this paper, considering the dynamic price of electricity and environmental factors, a joint optimization method of ship speed and energy consumption for ships with internal batteries is proposed. In the first step, the energy consumption model is built by analyzing the interaction of the hull, engine and propeller. Then the speed and energy optimization model is proposed to minimize the ship operation cost. Finally, a neighborhood search differential evolution (NSDE) is adopted to solve the proposed complex nonlinear optimization problem to obtain the optimal sailing speed and movement time. A case study is then carried out with a real battery powered cargo ship. The results show that this method can provide a reference for ship operators to better manage AES with internal battery.