Nowruz(in two Pahlavi texts, one Manichaean & Arabic text)

Although the name of Nowruz is mentioned in Pahlavi, there is no mention of its origin and rituals in any of the Pahlavi writings. It is not mentioned in Avesta or in ancient Persian. In only a few Pahlavi texts, a Manichaean text in middle Persian and another text in Sogdian have mentioned Nowruz. In fact, all our knowledge about Nowruz and its rituals are from the Islamic period and the writings of Muslim authors in Persian and Arabic.In this article, the beginning of Nowruz is examined in the middle Persian text of manuscript S.2 M319, then based on two Pahlavi texts »Māh Farvardin rōz xordād« and Bundahišn, as well as the Arabic text of Jahiz in »Al-Mahāsen wa-Alzdād«, what can be obtained about this ritual has been examined.In this article, Pahlavi and Manichaean texts have been translated, transliterated and transcript, and the Arabic text, after bringing the original text, it has been translated. be obtained about this ritual has been examined.In this article, Pahlavi and Manichaean texts have been translated, transliterated and transcript, and the Arabic text, after bringing the original text, it has been translated. In this article, the beginning of Nowruz is examined in It is not mentioned in Avesta or in ancient Persian. In only a few Pahlavi texts, a Manichaean text in middle Persian and another text in Sogdian have mentioned Nowruz. In fact, all our knowledge about Nowruz and its rituals are from the Islamic period and the writings of Muslim