The effect of some plant hormones on the secondary metabolites of olive fruit and damage of olive fruit fly , Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae)

The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae Rossi, is an important monophagous and multigenerational pest of olive fruit. Considering the damage caused by this pest, in this research, the effect of some plant hormones to reduce the pest population on Fishmi variety was investigated in the form of a complete randomized block design during the years 2021 and 2022. Trees were sprayed with jasmonic acid (1 and 2 mg/liter), salicylic (1 and 2 mM) two times before flowering and fruit growth. The results of investigating the density of different immature growth stages of this pest (eggs, first-instar, second-instar, third-instar larvae and pupae) in two years of the experiment showed that the effect of the year was significant only in the egg trait, and the effect of the treatment in other traits with significant differences (except the eggs and larvae of the first ages) were at the probability level of one percent. Examining the morphological characteristics of the fruit showed that the effect of the treatment on the length, weight, volume, density and weight of the flesh of the fruit; And the effect of the treatment in the year, only in the length and width of the fruit and kernel, and the kernel weight were significant at the probability level of 1%. Therefore, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid compounds can disrupt the life cycle and reduce pest damage by affecting some morphological traits and increasing the amounts of secondary metabolites of the fruit, by creating antibiosis resistance.