An overview on the structure, synthesis methods and applications of metal-organic frameworks

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFS), which are known as porous coordination polymers, have attracted the attention of countless researchers in recent years. These structures are a new class of porous materials, which are formed by connecting metal ions or clusters with polydentate organic ligands by covalent bonds. Compared to other porous compounds such as zeolites, silica, and activated carbon, coordination polymers are considered multifunctional materials with different properties due to the ability to adjust the surface of the cavity, size, shape, and functional groups of the surface of their cavities. For this reason, these compounds are used in different fields, including gas storage and absorption, manufacturing of various sensors, material separation, medical, biological, environmental and catalysis applications.