Enhancing haploid wheat induction efficiency through the wheat × maize cross utilizing silver nitrate and calcium phosphate

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of silver nitrate and calcium phosphate in inducing chromosome elimination and promoting haploid wheat generation in the context of wheat-maize crosses. The experiment explored the impact of various treatments, including non-use (control) and the utilization of silver nitrate (3gr/l) combined with calcium phosphate (0.1gr/l). Additionally, different durations of treatments post-pollination, spanning 48 and 72 hours, were considered. The study evaluated key characteristics such a number florets, number as well as the quantity and percentage of successful seed formations. The findings underscored significant distinctions among the treatments, achieving a level of significance of 1%. The use of silver nitrate in conjunctionwith calcium phosphate for wheat tillers demonstrated an increased propensity for haploid embryo formationSpecifically, maintaining wheat tillers in a solution of silver nitrate and calcium phosphate for 72 and 48 hours, in comparison to the control group, resulted in haploid embryo formations with proportions of 12.53%, 5.60%, and 3.82%, respectively. These results indicate that extended exposure to the silver nitrate-calcium phosphate treatmentenhances the formation of haploid embryos.