Examining Factors Affecting Transition of Asian and African Countries From Young Age Structure During the years 1990-2020

Population youth is one of the most important issues in many developing countries. The purpose of this study is to investigate demographic, economic and social factors affecting transition from young age structure in Asian and African countries between 1990 and 2020. United Nations population data for 107 countries were modeled using the event history analysis. The results of the Cox regression model showed that after adjusting for the covariates of total fertility rate, crude death rate and net migration rate as well as control variables (gross domestic product, inflation rate and urban population), the variable of total fertility rate affects transition from population youth; so that for one unit increase in the total fertility rate, the hazard of transition decreases by 58%. The role of this variable was estimated to be more significant in the African continent. The net migration rate variable is significant only in the African continent, showing a positive effect on transition from the young age structure. Considering the high fertility of African countries, the transition of age structure in these countries will not happen in the near future, and this is an important issue in macro-level policy in sectors of employment, housing, education, etc.