Developing and validating the modesty questionnaire and examining its psychometric properties

Modesty is one of the personality and moral characteristics that affects the individual and social life of a person. The main purpose of this research is to create and standardization the questionnaire of modesty. The method of the current research is correlational; The statistical population of this research was all undergraduate and graduate students, and finally, 400 participants were included in the present study using available sampling method. In order to collect data, a 37-question questionnaire the researcher made Modesty was used. According to experts, the validity of this questionnaire was obtained based on Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) of 0.80 and 0.65, respectively. Also, Principal Axis Factoring (PAF) with varimax rotation, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used to check the psychometric properties of the questions; The results showed that the 37-question questionnaire developed to measure modesty has 7 factors, which explains 58.304% of the total variance of the modesty structure. Each of the following 7 factors in the order of self-control (10/739), self-esteem (11/126), moral ideology (7/892), behavior according to social customs and norms (4/687), sexual chastity (334/334) 9), chastity in speech (5.499), and chastity in look (9.028) explains a significant amount of the total variance. Also, the internal stability of modesty components based on Cronbach's alpha and Macdonald's omega indices was higher than 0.7, which indicates the acceptable homogeneity of the components of the desired structure. Also, Cronbach's alpha coefficient for each of the sub-components, respectively, self-control (0.845), self-esteem (0.892), moral ideology (0.909), behavior in accordance with customs and social norms (0.809) ), sexual chastity (0.961), speech in chastity (0.718), and chastity in look (0.925) were obtained; Therefore, the built scale provides the ability to measure modesty and can be used in the measurements of personality and social issues.