The Weathering Processes and Their Effects on City and Rural Districts The Mountainous Regions of Azarbaijan

In mountainous regions rock slopes are disconnected by dynamic activities of weathering processes, then, they move to foothill, through the gravity force and mass movements processes of materials which are located on hillsides in different shapes. These processes cause serious damages to settlements (city and village),of foothill parts so that sometimes, they lead to destroy a part of city or all of prosperous state. This study, based on field observations, air photographs analysis, quantitative and experimental methods, using of Autocad map 2000, Arc/view softwares, with classification of various weathering regions of Azarbaijan (weathering severity) based on climatic variables and description map, with evaluation of weathering processes mechanization (especially mechanical destruction) shows the morphological role of those factors in civic and rural parts instability in mountainous regions of Azarbaijan. The results of the study indicate that the mechanical weathering has important role on the slopes instability and mass movements in Azarbaijan regions. The weathering processes threat city and rural districts, kinds of forms, such as falls, rock downfall and debris flows. So it must be notice to hazards of the weathering processes on the projects relative to rehabilitation of damaged areas, location of new cities and towns, excursion villages construction of road networks and industrial establishments.