Fabrication of bioactive glass nanopowder for replacement of ossicles in middle ear

Due to its ability in bonding with hard and soft tissue, healing and repairing of the bone, and proper replacing of the ossicles in middle ear, bioactive glass has come into considera­tion. The aim of this work was preparation, development and characterization of nanopowder bioactive glass obtained by the sol-gel technique. Bioglass powder was made by sol-gel technique and the presence of desired ele­ments is tested by X-ray fluorescence analysis. Trans Electronic Microscopic (TEM) technique was used to evaluate the powders shape and size. The prepared bioglass powder was immersed in the simu­lated body fluid solution for 30 days. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was util­ized to recognize and to confirm the formation of apatite layer on prepared bioglass powder. (XRD) as a structural characterization technique was used to investigate the microstructure. The glass powder size was less than 100 nanometers. The formation of apatite layer con­firmed the bioactivity of the bioglass powder and tests revealed that all the films had the signs of bioactiv­ity. It was also found that at sintering temperatures above 900 ºC, crystalline phase Ca2SiO4 was formed. The sol-gel nanopowder bioglass can be used as a replacement for small bones such as ossi­cles in middle ear, and it leads to bone osteointegration and growth of the surrounding tissue.