Estimation of Erosion and Sediment in Vazneh Basin via Assessment of Effective Variables with use of GIS

As soil is one of the main natural resources of any country and main source for human nutrition,an assessment of the erosion and especially an appraisal of effective parameters are necessary. The research method employed is based on library, field study and on using quantitive models of erosion and sediment estimation. In this research GIS (ILWIS,Arc GIS) softwares have been employed as well. Since various parameters are systematically influential in basins and their recognition as an effective factors on the amount of erosion and sediment of great importance, therefore, among various methods in estimation of erosion and sediment, PSIAC method, which has the most effective parameters, has been selected and the environmental parameters have been included in relation to this method.Based on PSIAC method, the Vazneh basin is situated in above-the-averge level of erosion. Its sediment amounts to 449.16 m3/km2 equal 10.86 ton per hectar yearly.