The Change of the Structure of Oil Management: a Significant Obligation to Achieve Objectives of General Policies of Article (44)

The general policies of Article (44) of the Constitution can be interpreted as a change in the state and market structure of Iranian economy. It is hoped that the objectives of Iran's perspective plan are achieved by using the new structure and the implementation of general policies of Article (44). The history of Iranian economy shows that oil incomes and using them in national economy through financial policy by states are the most important factors for the new structure of the state and market. In other words, taking possession and policy making on natural resources of the country by executive power have played major roles in creating the new situation. Therefore, changing the current responsibilities and activities of the state and preparing a good way for non-governmental sector to play a major role in natural resources need fundamental reforms in this sector, particularly in oil sector and the relevant policy making. According to the fact, to reform the status quo and to help the implementation of general policies of Article (44) of the constitution, three main steps should be taken: first,recognizing inter-generation position so that it can undertake policy making in oil and gas fields, second, establishing Anfal national fund and distributing oil and gas incomes directly, and third attempting to get rid of petroleum exports and vice versa changing the view on oil as an industry which is followed up by non-governmental sector.